Y suffer when u know the Better

What is gonorrhea ?????

A sexually transmitted Disease (STD) caused by the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoea. Although gonorrhea is known primarily as a sexually transmitted Disease (STD), it is not exclusively so, but can also be transmitted to the newborn during the birthing process.

What was it called Before ????

Gonorrhea is sometimes also known as “the clap”. This moniker may seem a bit strange but is has actually been around since 1587. It comes from the French word “clapoir” which was commonly used to describe gonorrhea in the late sixteenth century.

How is it spread????

Contrary to popular belief, gonorrhea cannot be transmitted from toilet seats or door handles. The bacterium Neisseria gonorrhea requires very specific conditions to grow and to reproduce. It cannot live outside the body for more than a few minutes at most, nor can it live on the skin of the hands, arms, or legs. It survives only on moist surfaces within the body and is found most commonly in the vagina and, especially the cervix. The bacterium can also live in the urethra. Gonorrhea can even exist in the back of the throat (from oral-genital contact) and in the rectum.

Gonorrhea is not a small problem ????

Left untreated, gonorrhea can lead to a severe painful pelvic infection with inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries, a form of pelvic inflammatory disease, or PID. Symptoms of PID include fever, pelvic cramping, abdominal pain, and pain with intercourse. PID can lead to difficulty in becoming pregnant or even sterility.

Can Gonorrhea Complicate ????

The complications of gonorrhea can include inflammation of the heart valves, arthritis, and eye infections. If the infection is severe enough, a localized area of infection and pus (an abscess) forms, and major surgery may be necessary and even life-saving. Gonorrheal infection in people with diminished immune function, such as from chemotherapy or AIDS, can also be extremely serious.

Gonorrhea can also cause eye Infections !!!!!

Gonorrhea can cause eye infections in babies born to infected mothers, even if the mother has no symptoms at the time of delivery. Chlamydia can also be passed from mother to child during birth. Infected newborn infants develop drainage from the eyes within 2 weeks of birth and the eyelids become puffy, red, and tender. Gonorrhea may cause perforation of the cornea and very significant destruction of the deeper eye structures while chlamydia is somewhat less destructive. Hospitals require silver nitrate or, more often today, antibiotic drops in a newborn’s eyes to prevent these diseases.

Symptoms of Gonorrhea ???

The early symptoms of gonorrhea often are mild, and some people who are infected have no symptoms of the disease; this is one reason why it is so readily transmitted. If symptoms of gonorrhea develop, they usually appear within 2 to 10 days of sexual contact with an infected partner, although a small percentage of patients may be infected for several months without showing symptoms.

The initial symptoms in women include a painful or burning sensation when urinating or a yellowish vaginal discharge. More advanced symptoms include abdominal pain, bleeding between menstrual periods, vomiting, or fever.

Men usually have a whitish-yellowish discharge from the penis and a burning sensation during urination that may be severe. Symptoms of rectal infection include anal itching, and sometimes painful bowel movements.

Diagnosis of gonorrhea ???

Testing for gonorrhea is done by swabbing the infected site and culturing the bacteria on the swab in the laboratory. The culture is positive when the gonorrhea bacteria are found to be growing on a culture plate. A newer test can detect both gonorrhea and chlamydia in a urine sample. Up to 40% of women with gonorrhea are also infected with chlamydia.

How silent is it ???

Gonorrhea is often silent in women. Over half of infected women have no symptoms in the early stages of gonorrheal infection. If symptoms do occur, there may be burning on urination, frequent urination, yellowish vaginal discharge, redness of the genitals, swelling of the genitals, and a burning or itching of the vaginal area.

Treatment ?????

Because a high proportion of men and women who have gonorrhea also have chlamydia, the goal of treatment is to cure both infections. Your partner(s) should be treated at the same time you are.

Treatment for uncomplicated gonorrhea consists of antibiotics, including ceftriaxone, cefixime, ciprofloxacin, or ofloxacin for gonorrhea along with azithromycin, doxycycline, or erythromycin for chlamydia.

Prevention Of Gonorrhea ???

All sexually active persons should consider using latex condoms to prevent STDs and HIV infection, even if they are using another form of contraception. Latex condoms used consistently and correctly are an effective means for preventing disease (and pregnancy). Talk openly with your partner about STDs, HIV, and hepatitis B infection, and the use of contraception.

Can i treat a Pregnant woman with Gonorrhea ????

If you become infected with gonorrhea while you are pregnant, it is important that you seek treatment quickly. Not only is it possible to transmit the infection to your child during childbirth, but this common sexually transmitted disease can also cause complications in your pregnancy.

Questions U can ask ur Family Doctor!!!

1. Should the sexual partner be alerted so that they can be tested?
2. Has the gonorrhea progressed into Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?
3. Can the gonorrhea come back without additional exposure?
4. Do any of the internal contraceptive gels, ointments, devices, etc. help prevent gonorrhea?
5. What type of medication will you be prescribing?
6. Are there any side effects?
7. Can I tell if a sexual partner has gonorrhea before having sexual intercourse?

WAT IS IT????

Stroke is a disease that affects the arteries leading to and within the brain. It is the No. 3 cause of death in the United States, behind diseases of the heart and cancer. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts. When that happens, part of the brain cannot get the blood (and oxygen) it needs, so it starts to die.

Is it similar to brain hemorrhage ???

Brain Hemorrhage is a condition caused due to a sudden stroke to a person after blood leaks out from the blood vessels in the brain. This situation occurs due to the break in the wall of blood vessel, the blood spills out of the blood vessel and enters the area where vital tissues and cells of brain reside, killing those tissues and cells; this causes the patient to become seriously ill and needs immediate medication/treatment.

Symptoms ???

Symptoms

If you have symptoms of a stroke, seek emergency medical care. General symptoms of a stroke include:

• Sudden numbness, paralysis, or weakness in your face, arm, or leg, especially on only one side of your body.
• New problems with walking or balance.
• Sudden vision changes.
• Drooling or slurred speech.
• New problems speaking or understanding simple statements, or feeling confused.
• A sudden, severe headache that is different from past headaches.

Symptoms vary depending on whether the stroke is caused by a clot or bleeding. The location of the blood clot or bleeding and the extent of brain damage can also affect symptoms.

1)Symptoms of an ischemic stroke (caused by a clot blocking a blood vessel) usually occur in the side of the body opposite from the side of the brain where the clot occurred. For example, a stroke in the right side of the brain affects the left side of the body.

2)Symptoms of a hemorrhagic stroke (caused by bleeding in the brain) can be similar to those of an ischemic stroke but may be distinguished by symptoms relating to higher pressure in the brain, including severe headache, nausea and vomiting, neck stiffness, dizziness, seizures, irritability, confusion, and possibly unconsciousness.

Symptoms of a stroke may progress over minutes, hours, or days, often in a stepwise fashion. For example, mild weakness may progress to an inability to move the arm and leg on one side of the body.

• If a stroke is caused by a large blood clot (ischemic stroke) or bleeding (hemorrhagic stroke), symptoms occur suddenly, within seconds.
• When an artery that is narrowed by atherosclerosis becomes blocked, stroke symptoms usually develop gradually over minutes to hours, or (in rare cases) days.
• If several smaller strokes occur over time, the person may have a more gradual change in walking, balance, thinking, or behavior (multi-infarct dementia).

It is not always easy for people to recognize symptoms of a small stroke. They may mistakenly think the symptoms can be attributed to aging, or the symptoms may be confused with those of other conditions that cause similar symptoms.

Risk Factors??

1)Controllable

• Hypertension
• Atrial Fibrillation
• High Cholesterol
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Smoking and Tobacco chewing
• Alcohol Use
• Obesity or Overweight

2)Non- controllable

• Age >55
• Gender – Males most common , but more women die of stroke
• Race – African American>Hispanic>Asians>caucasions
• Family History
• Previous Stroke or Transient Ischemic attacks or Thrombosis or Embolism

What Are the Types of Stroke?

Stroke can be caused either by a clot obstructing the flow of blood to the brain (called an ischemic stroke) or by a blood vessel rupturing and preventing blood flow to the brain (called a hemorrhagic stroke).

Diagnosis of Stroke??

When someone has shown symptoms of a stroke or a TIA (transient ischemic attack or mini stroke), a doctor will gather information and make a diagnosis. A doctor may use many different tests. The ones listed here are just some of the more common options.

Treatment !!!!

Ischemic Stroke

Acute Treatment

• Clot busters, e.g., tPA
  The most promising treatment for ischemic stroke is the FDA-approved clot-busting drug tPA (tissue plasminogen activator), which must be administered within a three-hour window from the onset of symptoms to work best. Administering tPA or other clot-dissolving agents is complex and is done through an intravenous (IV) line in the arm by hospital personnel. If given promptly, tPA can significantly reduce the effects of stroke and reduce permanent disability. Generally, only 3 to 5 percent of those who suffer a stroke reach the hospital in time to be considered for this treatment.

Preventive Treatment

• 	Click to enlarge

  Anticoagulants/Antiplatelets
  Antiplatelet agents such as aspirin and anticoagulants such as warfarin interfere with the blood’s ability to clot and can play an important role in preventing stroke. click here for  anticoagulants.

• Carotid Endarterectomy
  Carotid endarterectomy is a procedure in which blood vessel blockage is surgically removed from the carotid artery. View a detailed illustration of carotid endarterectomy.

• Angioplasty/Stents
  Doctors sometimes use balloon angioplasty and implantable steel screens called stents to treat cardiovascular disease and reduce fatty buildup clogging a vessel. View a detailed illustration of carotid stent.

Hemorrhagic Stroke (Subarachnoid hemorrhage or AVM)

• Surgical Intervention
  For hemorrhagic stroke (specifically for a subarachnoid hemorrhage), surgical treatment is often recommended to either place a metal clip at the base, called the neck, of the aneurysm or to remove the abnormal vessels comprising an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Learn more about AVM.

• Endovascular Procedures, e.g., “coils”
  Endovascular procedures are less invasive and involve the use of a catheter introduced through a major artery in the leg or arm, guided to the aneurysm or AVM where it deposits a mechanical agent, such as a coil, to prevent rupture. (wat is  aneurysms).

INTRODUCTION

In each menstrual cycle, follicles grow on the ovaries. Eggs develop within those follicles, one of which will reach maturity faster than the others and be released into the fallopian tubes. This is “ovulation”. The remaining follicles will degenerate.

In the case of polycystic ovaries, however, the ovaries are larger than normal, and there are a series of undeveloped follicles that appear in clumps, somewhat like a bunch of grapes. Polycystic ovaries are not especially troublesome and may not even affect your fertility.

However, when the cysts cause a hormonal imbalance, a pattern of symptoms may develop. This pattern of symptoms is called a syndrome. These symptoms are the difference between suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome and from polycystic ovaries.

How common in PCOS???

Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common hormonal disorder occurring in women during their reproductive years. It’s thought that 4% to 10% of all women have the disorder. However, since many women don’t know they have polycystic ovarian syndrome or some aspect of it, the actual number probably exceeds 10%. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is one of the leading causes of infertility. Symptoms frequently start to show up soon after puberty.

Causes????

There is disagreement and uncertainty as to what causes polycystic ovarian disease. Polycystic ovaries and polycystic ovary syndrome have been associated with one or more of these factors:

• Genetic predisposition.
• Insulin resistance or hyperinsulinism (high blood levels of insulin).
• Obesity.
• Hyperandrogenism (excessive production of male hormones).
• Abnormality of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (organ/hormonal disorder).
• Environmental chemical pollution (hormonal disruptors)
• Food adulterantion (excitatory amino acids, for example)
• Chronic inflammation.

Some of these causal factors may also be consequences of polycystic ovary disease. In other words, we have an amazingly complex network of interacting variables, each of which influences the other. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is not a simple disease with a single cause.

The Natural Diet Solution for PCOS and Infertility describes the possible causes of polycystic ovary syndrome in great detail.

Symptoms???

Polycystic ovarian syndrome presents a complex and baffling array of symptoms, consisting of some combination of the following symptoms that vary with each individual:

• Multiple ovarian cysts
• Irregular or absent menses
• Infertility
• Acne
• Obesity or inability to lose weight
• Excessive body or facial hair (hirsutism)
• Insulin resistance and possibly diabetes
• Thinning of scalp hair
• Velvety, hyperpigmented skin folds (acanthosis nigricans)
• High blood pressure
• Polycystic ovaries that are 2-5 times larger than healthy ovaries.
• Multiple hormone imbalances, commonly including:
  • Androgens (testosterone)
  • Cortisol
  • Estrogens
  • FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
  • Insulin.
  • LH (luteinizing hormone)
  • progesterone
  • Prolactin.
  • Thyroid hormones.
• Impaired lung function.
• Sleep apnea.
• Fatty liver degeneration (NAFLD).
• Depression

Treatment ????

The first PCOS treatment for Infertility is usually the administration of medications to stimulate ovulation.

Clomiphene citrate (Clomid or Serophene)

An oral fertility drug used to stimulate ovulation, correct ovulation process, to improve egg production and to fix luteal phase deficiency. The drug is taken for five days early in the menstrual cycle. Clomid may become futile with a long use, for more than six cycles.

With some evidence, it has been stated that continual use of the drug, for twelve or more cycles, may increase the risk of ovarian cancer.

Metformin (Glucophage)

It is an insulin-sensitizing agent used to induce ovulation. Common Metformin medications include, Generic Metformin Hcl, Glucophage, and Glucophage XR. If Clomid fails to ovulate, a combination of “Metformin” and “Clomid” is taken as a PCOS treatment drugs for infertility.

The medication ‘Metformin’ increases the fertility by improving the effectiveness of the insulin while decreasing the insulin levels and in turn androgen levels. Normalizing the androgen levels enhances the natural ovulation.

hCG (human chorionic gonadotrophin) (Profasi)

An intramuscular injection used in conjunction with Clomid. The effect of hCG on follicle is same as LH (luteinizing hormone). HCG stimulates the follicle to release its egg (ovulate) approximately 36 hours later.Ovulation may be blocked, when hCG is taken too early. Ovarian hyper stimulation and cyst formation can result with too much hCG usage.The other commonly used PCOS treatment drugs for infertility include hMG (human menopausal gonadotrophin), FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), GnRH (gonadotrophin releasing hormone), GnRHa (GnRH analogs) and Prolactin inhibition drugs.

PCOS Treatment For Infertility – Medical Procedures

IUI (intrauterine insemination)

A basic PCOS treatment for women with infertility problem is intrauterine insemination, also known as Artificial Insemination. It is a fast and painless medical procedure where the male partner’s sperm is introduced directly into the female’s uterus (intrauterine) for the purpose of conception.

The procedure is usually done in conjunction with the ovarian stimulation drugs because regular menstrual cycle and healthy ovulation makes conception very successful.

IVF (in-vitro fertilization)

A simpler, safer and more successful PCOS treatment option to induce ovulation in infertile women is in vitro fertilization. The procedure involves the removal of eggs from female partner’s body and fertilizing them with the sperm of male partner.

The embryo (fertilized egg) is then introduced into the uterus (womb). Ovarian stimulation drugs (hCG, hMG, FSH or progesterone) are used to stimulate the ovaries to produce fertilizable oocytes (eggs).GIFT (Gamete Intra Fallopian Transfer), ICSI (Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection) are the medical procedures of PCOS treatment for infertile women.The success rate of PCOS treatment options to induce ovulation depends on the age of the woman, the type of ovarian stimulation medication, and other factors that contribute to infertility in the woman.

Yoga asans that help PCOS???

Down the years, it has been found that Yoga is the only recourse left to PCOD / PCOS sufferers. Yoga is a holistic science and art of living. This is because routines Yoga consisting of asanas (poses), pranayamas (breathing techniques) and kriyas (cleansing exercises) prescribed in Yoga help tone up the whole system. There are certain fixed Yoga asanas (poses) like the sitting, standing and supine poses that haven proven to greatly help PCOD / PCOS patients. In general, the Yoga program for PCOD / PCOS is as follows:

• A series of Yoga asanas (poses). While there is no exact pose or exercise that is known to help heal PCOD / PCOS, experience tells us that some of the poses – if done regularly – sitting, standing and lying on the back, over time yield the desired results. But, you should make sure to avoid all the inverted poses.
• Practice lots of Pranayamas (Breathing Exercises) in a slow, unhurried, relaxed rhythm. You may breathe at your own slow pace, or inhale and exhale to the count of 3 or 4. But do this very slowly and avoid straining or putting pressure on your lungs. The recommended pranayamas (breathing exercises) for PCOD / PCOS women are Mild Kapalabhatti (Skull Cleansing), Anuloma-Viloma (Alternate Nostril Breathing) and Ujjayi (Ocean Breath).
• You should also practise Nispanda Bhava (Unmoving Observation) and Shavasana (Corpse pose) 2 – 3 times every day. These will definitely help since PCOD / PCOS victims are, by and large, tense and stressed out. Subsequently, they need plenty of relaxation.
• Finally, let your diet be Yogic and Sattvic. This essentially means pure and predominantly vegetarian, with lots of seasonal fruits, sprouts, fresh salads and dried fruits. Steer clear of milk and milk products, particularly cheeses and butter, all confectionery products, fatty, fried and spicy foods, cigarettes and alcohol
• Likewise, avoid stress and tension, so try and avoid all stressful situations. Even if difficult, you will find that taking the trouble and making a few short term sacrifices will benefit you enormously in the long run.

What is it ???

Impotence is a medical condition that affects a male’s ability to get or sustain an erection. It is often called erectile dysfunction, as it usually only affects erectile ability, which distinguishes it from other male sexual problems of both physical and psychological natures. Causes of impotence are typically physical, but in some cases it may also be caused or aggravated by psychological issues.

CAUSES???

Impotence is a medical condition that affects a male’s ability to get or sustain an erection. It is often called erectile dysfunction, as it usually only affects erectile ability, which distinguishes it from other male sexual problems of both physical and psychological natures. Causes of impotence are typically physical, but in some cases it may also be caused or aggravated by psychological issues. Medical treatment for this problem is now widely available, and widely used.

Psychological  causes???

- Stress and anxiety
- Fear of failure
- Problems with your relationship

Some people may wonder why they need to take medicines for a condition that doesn’t have symptoms and doesn’t appear to affect their quality of life. Your doctor is aware of this and will try to avoid treatments that make you feel bad or interfere with your lifestyle. Although taking medication may seem like a chore, it is being prescribed to prevent serious illness or even death. Always take medicines according to instructions, and do not stop taking them abruptly as this can cause problems. If you have any questions about your medicine, always ask your doctor.

Impotence can nearly always be treated – 95 percent of men find a suitable treatment. The simplest are talking therapies, such as cognitive behavioural therapy, and medicines.If the cause is mainly because you are anxious or are having relationship difficulties, then talking to a counsellor or psychosexual therapist will probably be most helpful for you.

Risk factors ??

1. Chronic health conditions

People suffering from chronic diseases have a high risk of erectile dysfunction. Chronic diseases such as:
a) Heart diseases are caused by cholesterol building up in the arteries and blood vessel resulting in inadequate blood flow into the penis.
b) Diabetes with unhealthy diet causes high levels of glucose build-up in the bloodstream resulting in narrowed arteries and blood vessels that prevent adequate blood from entering the penis.
c) Prostate enlargement and chronic prostate: Inflammation of the prostate also reduces the blood flow entering the penis resulting in erectile dysfunction.
Other chronic diseases affecting organs like the lung, liver, and kidney also can lead to erectile dysfunction because of inflammation, inadequate blood flow or hormonal imbalance.

2. Aging

Aging results in more testosterone to be converted to dihydro-testosterone causing erections to take longer to develop and to need more direct touch to the penis.

3. Nerve damage

It is obvious that any damage to the nerve that directly controls erections can cause temporarily erectile dysfunction.

4. Medication

The side effects of some medications used to treat high blood pressure, depression, and prostate enlarged may interfere with nerve impulses and reducing the blood flow to the penis.

5. Prolong cycling

Prolong cycling over an extended period and pressure from a bicycle seat compresses nerves and blood flow to the penis, leading to temporary erectile dysfunction.

6. Psychological conditions

Other psychological conditions such as depression, anxiety and stress also contributes to some cases of erectile dysfunction.

7. Substance abuse

Substance abuse such as smoking, alcohol, marijuana or other drugs often causes erectile dysfunction.
There are many other risk factors such as obesity, diabetes, high levels of cholesterol and triglycerides that can cause erectile dysfunction.

Treatment ???

1)Sexual counselling

2)Oral Medication :

The introduction of Viagra by Pfizer in March, 1998,, marked the beginning of a revolution in the oral medical management of erectile dysfunction (ED, E.D., impotence). The launch of Viagra was soon followed by that of Levitra and Cialis. Other (even better) drugs are in the pipeline.Effective oral medication has re-written the management of ED and is effective in nearly 70 – 75 % of cases. Several internet resources are available for more detailed information about these drugs and these will not be discussed in detail here.

3)Hormone Replacement therapy:

Testosterone is the major male hormone that gives men their sexual characteristics (deep voice, beard, chest hair). As men age, their level of testosterone decreases (andropause) and this may have an adverse effect on sexual performance. In proven cases of andropause, testosterone preparations may enhance potency and improve sex drive. However, this therapy must be only offered under expert medical supervision because many side effects can occur.

4)External Vaccum Devices

vacuum device, and one or more tension rings. This therapy is purported to be effective for over 90% of the men who use it. In fact, most can technically master its use in one day, and can use it to maintain erections for up to 30 minutes, even after ejaculation and/or orgasm.

Prevention  of Impotence????

There is no specific treatment to prevent impotence. Perhaps the most important measure is to maintain general good health and avoid atherosclerosis by exercising regularly, controlling weight, controlling hypertension and high cholesterol levels, and avoiding smoking. Avoiding excessive alcohol intake may also help.